A condition in which a tooth fails to fully grow out (erupt) from the gums. Impacted teeth usually occur because of crowding or lack of space in the bone. Third molars (wisdom teeth), particularly the lowers, are the last to erupt and are more likely to be impacted.

Fractures of the anterior mandible can be addressed using either closed reduction, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), lag screws, or a combination of lag screws and miniplates. Closed reduction of fractures is most commonly achieved by applying Erich arch bars with circumdental stainless steel wires.